{"id":46658,"date":"2020-05-05T17:13:11","date_gmt":"2020-05-05T16:13:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/?p=46658"},"modified":"2020-05-05T17:13:11","modified_gmt":"2020-05-05T16:13:11","slug":"si-la-presse-chinoise-etait-libre-le-coronavirus-ne-serait-peut-etre-pas-devenu-une-pandemie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/si-la-presse-chinoise-etait-libre-le-coronavirus-ne-serait-peut-etre-pas-devenu-une-pandemie\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab\u00a0Si la presse chinoise \u00e9tait libre, le coronavirus ne serait peut-\u00eatre pas devenu une pand\u00e9mie\u00a0\u00bb"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

\u00ab\u00a0<\/b>Si <\/b>la <\/b>presse chinoise <\/b>\u00e9tait <\/b>libre<\/b>, <\/b>le <\/b>coronavirus <\/b>ne <\/b>serait <\/b>peut<\/b>–<\/b>\u00eatre <\/b>pas <\/b>devenu <\/b>une <\/b>pand\u00e9mie<\/b>\u00ab\u00a0<\/b>,\u00a0 <\/b>selon <\/b>u<\/b>n <\/span>rapport de l’ONG <\/strong>R<\/span>eporters <\/b>sans <\/b>Fronti\u00e8res\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/h3>\n

 <\/p>\n

Reporters <\/span>sans <\/span>fronti\u00e8res <\/span>(<\/span>RSF<\/span>) <\/span>d\u00e9montre <\/span>que<\/span>, <\/span>sans <\/span>le <\/span>contr\u00f4le <\/span>et <\/span>la <\/span>censure <\/span>impos\u00e9s <\/span>par <\/span>les <\/span>autorit\u00e9s<\/span>, <\/span>les <\/span>m\u00e9dias <\/span>chinois <\/span>auraient <\/span>inform\u00e9 <\/span>bien <\/span>plus <\/span>t\u00f4t <\/span>le <\/span>public <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>gravit\u00e9 de <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>\u00e9pid\u00e9mie <\/span>de <\/span>coronavirus<\/span>, <\/span>\u00e9pargnant <\/span>des <\/span>milliers <\/span>de <\/span>vies <\/span>et <\/span>\u00e9vitant <\/span>peut<\/span>–<\/span>\u00eatre <\/span>la <\/span>pand\u00e9mie<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

D<\/span>ans <\/span>une <\/span>analyse<\/span>, <\/span>des <\/span>chercheurs <\/span>de <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>universit\u00e9 <\/span>de <\/span>Southampton <\/span>sugg\u00e8rent <\/span>que <\/span>le <\/span>nombre <\/span>de <\/span>cas <\/span>de <\/span>coronavirus <\/span>en <\/span>Chine <\/span>aurait <\/span>pu <\/span>\u00eatre <\/span>r\u00e9duit <\/span>de <\/span>86<\/span>% <\/span>si <\/span>les <\/span>mesures <\/span>de <\/span>lutte <\/span>contre <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>\u00e9pid\u00e9mie<\/span>, <\/span>prises <\/span>en <\/span>Chine <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>partir <\/span>du <\/span>20 <\/span>janvier<\/span>, <\/span>avaient <\/span>\u00e9t\u00e9 <\/span>anticip\u00e9es <\/span>de <\/span>deux <\/span>semaines<\/span>. <\/span>Au <\/span>vu <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>chronologie <\/span>des premiers <\/span>jours <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>crise<\/span>, Reporters <\/span>sans <\/span>fronti\u00e8res <\/span>(<\/span>RS<\/span>F<\/span>) <\/span>va <\/span>d\u00e9montrer <\/span>que<\/span>, <\/span>sans <\/span>le <\/span>contr\u00f4le <\/span>et <\/span>la <\/span>censure impos\u00e9s <\/span>par <\/span>les <\/span>autorit\u00e9s<\/span>, <\/span>les <\/span>m\u00e9dias <\/span>chinois <\/span>auraient <\/span>inform\u00e9 <\/span>le <\/span>public <\/span>bien <\/span>plus <\/span>t\u00f4t <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>gravit\u00e9 <\/span>de <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>\u00e9pid\u00e9mie<\/span>, <\/span>\u00e9pargnant <\/span>des <\/span>milliers <\/span>de <\/span>vies <\/span>et <\/span>\u00e9vitant <\/span>peut<\/span>–<\/span>\u00eatre <\/span>la pand\u00e9mie<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

18 octobre : la presse chinoise aurait relay\u00e9 les r\u00e9sultats gla\u00e7ants d’une simulation de pand\u00e9mie\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le <\/span>Centre <\/span>Johns <\/span>Hopkins <\/span>pour <\/span>la <\/span>s\u00e9curit\u00e9 <\/span>sanitaire<\/span>, <\/span>en <\/span>partenariat <\/span>avec <\/span>le <\/span>Forum <\/span>\u00e9conomique <\/span>mondial <\/span>et <\/span>la <\/span>Fondation <\/span>Bill <\/span>et <\/span>Melinda <\/span>Gates<\/span>, <\/span>a <\/span>effectu\u00e9 <\/span>le <\/span>18 <\/span>octobre <\/span>2019 <\/span>une <\/span>simulation <\/span>de <\/span>pand\u00e9mie <\/span>de <\/span>coronavirus <\/span>et <\/span>alert\u00e9 <\/span>la <\/span>communaut\u00e9 <\/span>internationale <\/span>de <\/span>son <\/span>r\u00e9sultat <\/span>gla\u00e7ant <\/span>: <\/span>65 <\/span>millions <\/span>de <\/span>morts <\/span>en <\/span>18 <\/span>mois<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Si <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>internet <\/span>chinois <\/span>n<\/span>‘<\/span>\u00e9tait <\/span>pas <\/span>isol\u00e9 <\/span>par <\/span>un <\/span>syst\u00e8me <\/span>\u00e9labor\u00e9 <\/span>de <\/span>censure <\/span>\u00e9lectronique <\/span>et <\/span>si <\/span>les <\/span>m\u00e9dias <\/span>n<\/span>‘<\/span>\u00e9taient <\/span>pas <\/span>contraints <\/span>de <\/span>suivre <\/span>les <\/span>instructions <\/span>du <\/span>Parti <\/span>communiste<\/span>, <\/span>le <\/span>public <\/span>et <\/span>les <\/span>autorit\u00e9s <\/span>se <\/span>seraient <\/span>sans <\/span>doute <\/span>int\u00e9ress\u00e9s <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>cette <\/span>information <\/span>provenant <\/span>des <\/span>\u00c9tats<\/span>–<\/span>Unis <\/span>et <\/span>qui <\/span>fait \u00e9cho <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>\u00e9pid\u00e9mie <\/span>de <\/span>SRAS <\/span>(<\/span>syndrome <\/span>respiratoire <\/span>aigu <\/span>s\u00e9<\/span>v<\/span>\u00e8re<\/span>)<\/span>, <\/span>qui <\/span>avait <\/span>caus\u00e9 <\/span>plus <\/span>de <\/span>800 <\/span>morts <\/span>et <\/span>affect\u00e9 <\/span>8000 <\/span>personnes <\/span>principalement <\/span>en <\/span>Chine <\/span>en <\/span>2003<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

20 d\u00e9cembre : les autorit\u00e9s de la ville de Wuhan auraient inform\u00e9 les journalistes\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le <\/span>20 <\/span>d\u00e9cembre<\/span>, <\/span>un <\/span>mois <\/span>apr\u00e8s <\/span>le <\/span>premier <\/span>cas <\/span>document\u00e9<\/span>, <\/span>la <\/span>ville <\/span>de <\/span>Wuhan compte <\/span>d\u00e9j\u00e0 <\/span>60 <\/span>malades <\/span>atteints <\/span>d<\/span>‘une <\/span>pneumopathie <\/span>inconnue <\/span>ressemblant <\/span>au <\/span>SRAS<\/span>, <\/span>dont <\/span>plusieurs <\/span>ont <\/span>fr\u00e9quent\u00e9 <\/span>le <\/span>march\u00e9 <\/span>aux <\/span>poissons <\/span>de <\/span>Huanan<\/span>. <\/span>Malgr\u00e9 <\/span>la <\/span>situation<\/span>, <\/span>les <\/span>autorit\u00e9s <\/span>ne <\/span>jugent <\/span>pas <\/span>utile <\/span>de <\/span>communiquer <\/span>ces <\/span>informations <\/span>aux <\/span>m\u00e9dias<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

5 janvier : la presse scientifique aurait diffus\u00e9 plus t\u00f4t le g\u00e9nome du coronavirus\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

L<\/span>‘<\/span>\u00e9quipe <\/span>du <\/span>professeur <\/span>Zhang <\/span>Yongzhen <\/span>au <\/span>sein du <\/span>Centre <\/span>clinique <\/span>de <\/span>sant\u00e9 <\/span>publique <\/span>de <\/span>Shanghai <\/span>parvient <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>s\u00e9quencer <\/span>le <\/span>virus <\/span>d\u00e8s <\/span>le <\/span>5 <\/span>janvier<\/span>, <\/span>mais <\/span>les <\/span>autorit\u00e9s <\/span>semblent <\/span>r\u00e9ticentes <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>publier <\/span>la <\/span>s\u00e9quence <\/span>du <\/span>g\u00e9nome<\/span>. <\/span>Le <\/span>11 <\/span>janvier<\/span>, <\/span>jour <\/span>o\u00f9 <\/span>la <\/span>Chine <\/span>confirme <\/span>son <\/span>premier <\/span>d\u00e9c\u00e8s <\/span>d\u00fb <\/span>au <\/span>virus<\/span>, les <\/span>chercheurs <\/span>font fuiter <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>information <\/span>sur <\/span>des <\/span>plateformes <\/span>en <\/span>libre <\/span>source<\/span>, <\/span>ce <\/span>qui <\/span>occasionnera <\/span>la <\/span>fermeture <\/span>du <\/span>laboratoire <\/span>en <\/span>repr\u00e9sailles<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Si <\/span>les <\/span>autorit\u00e9s <\/span>chinoises <\/span>avaient <\/span>jou\u00e9 <\/span>la <\/span>carte <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>transparence<\/span>, <\/span>elles <\/span>auraient <\/span>imm\u00e9diatement <\/span>communiqu\u00e9 <\/span>la <\/span>s\u00e9quence <\/span>du <\/span>g\u00e9nome <\/span>du <\/span>coronavirus <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>la <\/span>presse <\/span>scientifique<\/span>, <\/span>permettant <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>la <\/span>communaut\u00e9 <\/span>internationale <\/span>de <\/span>gagner <\/span>un <\/span>temps <\/span>pr\u00e9cieux <\/span>dans <\/span>ses <\/span>recherches <\/span>pour <\/span>la <\/span>mise <\/span>au <\/span>point <\/span>d<\/span>‘<\/span>un <\/span>vaccin<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

13 janvier : la communaut\u00e9 internationale aurait anticip\u00e9 le risque d’une pand\u00e9mie\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Le <\/span>premier <\/span>cas <\/span>d<\/span>‘<\/span>infection <\/span>au <\/span>coronavirus <\/span>hors <\/span>de <\/span>Chine <\/span>est <\/span>r\u00e9pertori\u00e9 <\/span>en <\/span>Tha\u00eflande <\/span>le <\/span>13 <\/span>janvier <\/span>sur <\/span>une <\/span>touriste <\/span>chinoise <\/span>originaire <\/span>de <\/span>Wuhan<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Si<\/span>, <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>cette <\/span>date<\/span>, <\/span>les <\/span>m\u00e9dias <\/span>internationaux <\/span>avaient <\/span>eu <\/span>un <\/span>acc\u00e8s <\/span>complet <\/span>aux <\/span>informations <\/span>d\u00e9tenues <\/span>par <\/span>les <\/span>autorit\u00e9s <\/span>chinoises <\/span>sur <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>ampleur <\/span>de <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>\u00e9pid\u00e9mie<\/span>, <\/span>il <\/span>est <\/span>probable <\/span>que <\/span>la <\/span>communaut\u00e9 <\/span>internationale <\/span>aurait <\/span>pris <\/span>la <\/span>mesure <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>crise <\/span>et <\/span>mieux <\/span>anticip\u00e9 <\/span>sur <\/span>le <\/span>risque <\/span>d<\/span>‘<\/span>une <\/span>propagation <\/span>de <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>\u00e9pid\u00e9mie <\/span>hors <\/span>de <\/span>Chine<\/span>, <\/span>\u00e9vitant <\/span>peut<\/span>–<\/span>\u00eatre <\/span>sa <\/span>transformation <\/span>en <\/span>pand\u00e9mie<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Si <\/span>les <\/span>autorit\u00e9s <\/span>n’<\/span>avaient <\/span>pas <\/span>cach\u00e9 <\/span>aux <\/span>m\u00e9dias <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>existence <\/span>d<\/span>‘<\/span>un <\/span>d\u00e9but <\/span>d<\/span>‘<\/span>\u00e9pid\u00e9mie <\/span>li\u00e9e <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>un <\/span>march\u00e9 <\/span>tr\u00e8s <\/span>populaire<\/span>, <\/span>le <\/span>public <\/span>aurait <\/span>de <\/span>lui<\/span>–<\/span>m\u00eame <\/span>cess\u00e9 <\/span>de <\/span>fr\u00e9quenter <\/span>ce <\/span>lieu <\/span>avant <\/span>sa <\/span>fermeture <\/span>officielle<\/span>, <\/span>le <\/span>1er <\/span>janvier<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

25 d\u00e9cembre : la docteure Lu Xiaohong aurait pu faire part de ses craintes \u00e0 la presse\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

La <\/span>docteure <\/span>Lu <\/span>Xiaohong<\/span>, <\/span>directrice <\/span>du <\/span>d\u00e9partement <\/span>de <\/span>gastroent\u00e9rologie <\/span>de <\/span>l’<\/span>h\u00f4pital <\/span>num\u00e9ro <\/span>5 <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>ville <\/span>de <\/span>Wuhan<\/span>, <\/span>entend <\/span>parler <\/span>de <\/span>cas <\/span>d<\/span>‘<\/span>infection touchant <\/span>le <\/span>personnel <\/span>m\u00e9dical <\/span>d\u00e8s <\/span>le <\/span>25 <\/span>d\u00e9cembre <\/span>et <\/span>se <\/span>doute <\/span>d\u00e8s <\/span>la <\/span>premi\u00e8re <\/span>semaine <\/span>de <\/span>janvier <\/span>que <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>infection <\/span>est <\/span>transmissible <\/span>d<\/span>‘<\/span>humain <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>humain<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Si <\/span>les <\/span>sources <\/span>des <\/span>journalistes <\/span>en <\/span>Chine <\/span>ne <\/span>risquaient <\/span>pas <\/span>de <\/span>graves <\/span>sanctions <\/span>pouvant <\/span>aller <\/span>d<\/span>‘<\/span>un <\/span>bl\u00e2me <\/span>professionnel <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>de <\/span>lourdes <\/span>peines <\/span>de <\/span>prison<\/span>, <\/span>la <\/span>docteure <\/span>Lu <\/span>Xiaohong <\/span>aurait <\/span>sans <\/span>doute <\/span>pris <\/span>la <\/span>responsabilit\u00e9 <\/span>d<\/span>‘<\/span>alerter <\/span>les <\/span>m\u00e9dias<\/span>, <\/span>for\u00e7ant <\/span>les <\/span>autorit\u00e9s <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>agir <\/span>trois <\/span>semaines <\/span>plus <\/span>t\u00f4t <\/span>qu<\/span>‘<\/span>elles <\/span>ne <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>ont <\/span>fait<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

30 d\u00e9cembre : l’appet des m\u00e9decins lanceurs d’alerte aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 repris par les m\u00e9dias\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

La <\/span>directrice <\/span>du <\/span>service <\/span>des <\/span>urgences <\/span>de <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>h\u00f4pital <\/span>central <\/span>de <\/span>Wuhan<\/span>, <\/span>Ai <\/span>Fen<\/span>, <\/span>et <\/span>un <\/span>groupe <\/span>de <\/span>m\u00e9decins <\/span>lancent <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>alerte <\/span>sur <\/span>internet d\u00e8s <\/span>le <\/span>30 d\u00e9cembre<\/span>. <\/span>Huit <\/span>d<\/span>‘entre <\/span>eux<\/span>, <\/span>dont <\/span>le <\/span>docteur <\/span>Li <\/span>Wenliang<\/span>, <\/span>mort <\/span>depuis <\/span>des <\/span>suites <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>maladie<\/span>, <\/span>seront <\/span>interpell\u00e9s <\/span>par <\/span>la <\/span>police <\/span>le <\/span>3 janvier <\/span>pour <\/span>avoir <\/span>fait <\/span>circuler <\/span>de <\/span>\u00ab <\/span>fausses <\/span>rumeurs <\/span>\u00bb<\/span>,\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Si<\/span>, <\/span>d\u00e8s <\/span>cette <\/span>date<\/span>, <\/span>la <\/span>presse <\/span>et <\/span>les <\/span>r\u00e9seaux <\/span>sociaux <\/span>avaient <\/span>pu <\/span>reprendre <\/span>librement <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>information <\/span>transmise <\/span>par <\/span>les <\/span>lanceurs <\/span>d<\/span>‘<\/span>alerte<\/span>, <\/span>le <\/span>public <\/span>aurait <\/span>pris <\/span>conscience <\/span>du <\/span>danger <\/span>et <\/span>fait <\/span>pression <\/span>sur <\/span>les <\/span>autorit\u00e9s <\/span>pour <\/span>qu<\/span>‘<\/span>elles <\/span>prennent <\/span>des <\/span>mesures <\/span>limitant <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>expansion <\/span>du <\/span>virus<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

31 d\u00e9cembre : les r\u00e9seaux sociaux auraient relay\u00e9 en Chine l’alerte officielle\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

La <\/span>Chine <\/span>alerte <\/span>officiellement <\/span>l<\/span>‘<\/span>Organisation <\/span>mondiale <\/span>de <\/span>la <\/span>sant\u00e9 <\/span>(<\/span>OMS<\/span>) <\/span>le <\/span>31 <\/span>d\u00e9cembre <\/span>mais <\/span>oblige <\/span>dans <\/span>le <\/span>m\u00eame <\/span>temps <\/span>la <\/span>plateforme <\/span>de <\/span>discussion <\/span>WeChat <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>censurer <\/span>un <\/span>grand <\/span>nombre <\/span>de <\/span>mots<\/span>–<\/span>cl\u00e9s <\/span>faisant <\/span>r\u00e9f\u00e9rence <\/span>\u00e0 <\/span>l<\/span>‘\u00e9pid\u00e9mie<\/span>.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n

Sans la censure, le r\u00e9seau social WeChat, qui compte un milliard d’utilisateurs actifs en Chine, aurait pu permettre aux journalistes de diffuser des reportages et des conseils de prophylaxie contribuant \u00e0 un meilleur respect des r\u00e8gles pr\u00e9conis\u00e9es par les autorit\u00e9s de sant\u00e9. <\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  \u00ab\u00a0Si la presse chinoise \u00e9tait libre, le coronavirus ne serait peut–\u00eatre pas devenu une pand\u00e9mie\u00ab\u00a0,\u00a0 selon un rapport de l’ONG Reporters sans Fronti\u00e8res\u00a0   Reporters sans fronti\u00e8res (RSF) d\u00e9montre que, sans le contr\u00f4le et la censure impos\u00e9s par les autorit\u00e9s, les m\u00e9dias chinois auraient inform\u00e9 bien plus t\u00f4t le public de la gravit\u00e9 de<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":653,"featured_media":46660,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[37],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-46658","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-alaune-fr"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46658","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/653"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=46658"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/46658\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/46660"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=46658"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=46658"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=46658"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}