{"id":205227,"date":"2026-10-09T18:44:20","date_gmt":"2026-10-09T17:44:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/?p=205227"},"modified":"2026-10-09T21:13:36","modified_gmt":"2026-10-09T20:13:36","slug":"%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%85%d8%8c-%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%83%d9%86-%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%82-%d8%aa%d8%a4%d8%af","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/%d9%81%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%85%d8%8c-%d9%84%d9%85-%d8%aa%d9%83%d9%86-%d8%ac%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b7%d8%b1%d9%82-%d8%aa%d8%a4%d8%af\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0643\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:08325703-226a-4d3e-b477-86a63088be72-0\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\">\n<section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:08325703-226a-4d3e-b477-86a63088be72-0\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:08325703-226a-4d3e-b477-86a63088be72-0\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-2\" data-turn=\"assistant\">\n<div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-8 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\">\n<div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\" data-dil-talvt-response-state=\"complete\">\n<div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col relative gap-4 [&amp;&gt;div:has([data-free-thinking-preview-answer=true])+:is(.text-message,.relative:has(&gt;.text-message))]:-mt-2 grow\">\n<div class=\"TzNmiG_container gap-4 [&amp;&gt;div:has([data-free-thinking-preview-answer=true])+:is(.text-message,.relative:has(&gt;.text-message))]:-mt-2\" data-streaming-response-group=\"\">\n<div class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-dil-submit-prewarm=\"request-WEB:08325703-226a-4d3e-b477-86a63088be72-0\" data-message-id=\"1def3fb5-ea7b-421b-a3a6-c7a99697fa1c\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-model-dil-v2-message=\"\">\n<div class=\"puik-root not-prose not-markdown\" data-dil-widget-copy-target=\"\" data-dil-chart-clipboard-alt=\"Graphique\" data-theme=\"light\">\n<div class=\"fv0XaG_DilRenderer fv0XaG_DilResponseRoot J4E5kq_Reveal dil-first-visible-layout w-full max-w-full\" dir=\"auto\" data-d-inline-reveal=\"\" data-d-direction=\"col\">\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 <\/span><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0641 (<a href=\"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/author\/vincent-bordenave\/\" rel=\"author\">Vincent Bordenave<\/a>)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span style=\"color: #666699;\">\u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a.<\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">300 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0644\u0641 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0646\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0648\u062c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u064f\u063a\u0637\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062d\u0648\u0636\u064e <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062a\u064e\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u064b <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/<\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0634\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41597-025-06140-z\"><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">Scientific <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">Data<\/span><\/span><\/a> <span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 <\/span><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">Springer <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">Nature<\/span><\/span> <span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629\u064b <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0627\u0641 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 &#8220;<\/span><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u063a\u0648\u063a\u0644&#8221; (Google Maps) <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629<\/span><\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0630 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u064a\u0646 &#8220;<\/span><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0633&#8221; <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">(\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 &#8220;\u0646\u064a\u0645&#8221; \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627)<\/span><\/span> <span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648<\/span><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">(\u0628\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633)<\/span><\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">.&#8221;<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u062d\u0648 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0646\u0634\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u062f\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41467-026-75453-3.epdf?sharing_token=9UpGa3x8POAMY5rKNF598NRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0P-hn1ye-Iyf1JjEgJI8PDnXb-2yaFvkVmW1wVWjyzpzv4fq0Hz-5f9zffqzyjXyDTNwfMhMiozEaMe0ap2lUo8y2iilFvfdeB7C58ObP04IgJWYO3qPSQyUGhvxUDlZ24%3D\"><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">Nature <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">Communications<\/span><\/span><\/a><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u064c\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0644\u0643\u064e <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_205231\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-205231\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La-table-de-Peutinger-carte-militaire-de-lempire-romain.webp\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-205231\" src=\"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La-table-de-Peutinger-carte-militaire-de-lempire-romain-600x300.webp\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La-table-de-Peutinger-carte-militaire-de-lempire-romain-600x300.webp 600w, https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La-table-de-Peutinger-carte-militaire-de-lempire-romain-768x384.webp 768w, https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La-table-de-Peutinger-carte-militaire-de-lempire-romain-150x75.webp 150w, https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La-table-de-Peutinger-carte-militaire-de-lempire-romain-450x225.webp 450w, https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/La-table-de-Peutinger-carte-militaire-de-lempire-romain.webp 1000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-205231\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e\u0645\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062b\u0644 <\/span><span class=\"oIb9lq_Box\" data-d-auto-spacing=\"\" data-d-component=\"box\" data-d-direction=\"col\" data-d-inline=\"\" data-d-stream-inline=\"\"><span class=\"Wl_3jG_Trigger\" role=\"presentation\" data-d-component=\"popover-trigger\" data-d-inline=\"\" data-d-inline-text=\"\" aria-haspopup=\"dialog\" aria-expanded=\"false\" data-state=\"closed\"><a class=\"Uwo0ZW_Link\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"link\" href=\"https:\/\/passerelles.essentiels.bnf.fr\/fr\/image\/2cb955b1-fd26-4ff2-a369-15d1fe09c0be-table-peutinger-carte-militaire-empire-romain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-d-component=\"link\"><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-inline=\"\" data-d-text-decoration=\"underline-dotted\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0648\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646\u063a\u0631\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0647\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062e\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0648\u0631\u0648\u062b\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 <\/span><\/span><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-has-width=\"true\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u064f\u0645\u0639\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0642\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u0648\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0644 <\/span><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 (<strong>Clara Filet<\/strong>)<\/span><\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 &#8220;<\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0648&#8221; <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0641 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629: <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u00ab\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u062f\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u0628 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u0631\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0628\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0639\u062f\u062f\u064c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u064e\u0641 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064f\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0632\u0644\u0646\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0651\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0648\u062c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0632\u062f\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0627\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">117 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">5.5 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639<\/span><\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648&#8221;\u0633\u0648\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646&#8221; <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0644\u0633\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u064a\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064b\u0627.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0633\u0643 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0644\u0643 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062a\u064a\u0646\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u062d\u0648 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0627\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0629: <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u00ab\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0630\u0644\u0643 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u064f\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0646\u0647\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0645\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0643\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0642\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062f\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062b\u0644 <\/span><strong>\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u064a\u0632\u0646\u0637\u0629 <\/strong><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\"><strong>\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062b\u0648\u0633<\/strong>\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><iframe title=\"Travel the Roads of the Roman Empire on itiner-e.org\" width=\"768\" height=\"432\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/OTSe7MsJXbo?feature=oembed\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe><\/p>\n<div class=\"\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:61fa79e9-2f40-40f1-a53f-57160a4578db-3\" data-is-intersecting=\"true\">\n<section class=\"text-token-text-primary w-full focus:outline-none has-data-writing-block:pointer-events-none [&amp;:has([data-writing-block])&gt;*]:pointer-events-auto R6Vx5W_threadScrollVars scroll-mb-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom,0px)+var(--thread-response-height))] scroll-mt-[calc(var(--header-height)+min(200px,max(70px,20svh)))]\" dir=\"auto\" data-turn-id=\"request-WEB:61fa79e9-2f40-40f1-a53f-57160a4578db-3\" data-turn-id-container=\"request-WEB:61fa79e9-2f40-40f1-a53f-57160a4578db-3\" data-testid=\"conversation-turn-2\" data-turn=\"assistant\">\n<div class=\"text-base my-auto mx-auto pb-8 [--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-xs,calc(var(--spacing)*4))] @w-sm\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-sm,calc(var(--spacing)*6))] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-margin:var(--thread-content-margin-lg,calc(var(--spacing)*16))] px-(--thread-content-margin)\">\n<div class=\"[--thread-content-max-width:40rem] @w-lg\/main:[--thread-content-max-width:48rem] mx-auto max-w-(--thread-content-max-width) flex-1 group\/turn-messages focus-visible:outline-hidden relative flex w-full min-w-0 flex-col agent-turn\" data-conversation-screenshot-content=\"\" data-dil-talvt-response-state=\"complete\">\n<div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col relative gap-4 [&amp;&gt;div:has([data-free-thinking-preview-answer=true])+:is(.text-message,.relative:has(&gt;.text-message))]:-mt-2 grow\">\n<div class=\"TzNmiG_container gap-4 [&amp;&gt;div:has([data-free-thinking-preview-answer=true])+:is(.text-message,.relative:has(&gt;.text-message))]:-mt-2\" data-streaming-response-group=\"\">\n<div class=\"PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-dil-submit-prewarm=\"request-WEB:61fa79e9-2f40-40f1-a53f-57160a4578db-3\" data-message-id=\"3ccbf255-4b0b-4ca9-940a-3b0c6d54aefb\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-model-dil-v2-message=\"\">\n<div class=\"puik-root not-prose not-markdown\" data-dil-widget-copy-target=\"\" data-dil-chart-clipboard-alt=\"Graphique\" data-theme=\"light\">\n<div class=\"fv0XaG_DilRenderer fv0XaG_DilResponseRoot J4E5kq_Reveal dil-first-visible-layout w-full max-w-full\" dir=\"auto\" data-d-inline-reveal=\"\" data-d-direction=\"col\">\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b\u0648\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633: <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631<\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625<\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">(\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0627\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0645\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0628\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u0627\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064d <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0648\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u0645\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0631\u064e\u062a\u064e\u0641\u0639)\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0645\u062f\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062b\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u0648\u0631\u0646\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0644\u0643 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0628\u0651\u062f\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062a\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644<strong>\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/strong><\/span><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0642\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/strong><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0644\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0630\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0633 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u0631\u0629. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0644: <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0648\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u0648\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0633\u0639\u0648\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0639\u0637\u0641\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062d\u064a\u0646 <\/span><strong>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0637\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u0634\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0641 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0621 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0651 <\/strong><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0630 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0642\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0634\u0623 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u0632\u0621 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0644\u0643 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064f\u0631\u0636\u064e\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062e\u064f\u0637\u0651\u0650\u0637\u064e <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0648\u0642\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629\u064b <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062d\u064f\u062f\u0651\u0650\u062f\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062b\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0642\u062f\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u064b: <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u00ab\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647 &#8220;<\/span><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-font-style=\"italic\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062d\u0631\u0628 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644&#8221;<\/span><\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0628\u0639\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u064a\u0648\u0634\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0651\u0644\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0641 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0644\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062f\u0648\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text PDq2pG_selectionAnchorContainer\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 (\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d)\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0647\u0648 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0648\u062d\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0642\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0647\u0643\u0630\u0627\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0625\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0645\u062c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0636\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u064f\u0639\u064a\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0628\u0633\u0627\u0637\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0636\u062d <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u064b: <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u00ab\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0642\u0628\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u064a\u0621\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u062d\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062b\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0637\u0646\u0629 &#8220;<\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0643\u062a&#8221; <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0646\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">(Bibracte) <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">(Autun)\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0643\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0638\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0628\u064a\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u064a\u062c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a &#8220;<\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644&#8221; (\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b\u064b). <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0641\u0633\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0638\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0639\u0636 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062c\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><strong>\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0624\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0647 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0631 <\/strong><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong>\u060c <\/span><strong>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0645\u0633\u0623\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. <\/strong><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0631\u0636 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u062a\u062c\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u064a\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0643\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0644 <\/span><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646<\/strong><\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0625\u0630 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062c\u064a\u0628 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u0630\u0647 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u062d\u0648 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647\u0634\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_205243\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-205243\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Qanater-Zbeide.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-205243\" src=\"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Qanater-Zbeide-600x438.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"438\" srcset=\"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Qanater-Zbeide-600x438.png 600w, https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Qanater-Zbeide-768x561.png 768w, https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Qanater-Zbeide-150x110.png 150w, https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Qanater-Zbeide-450x329.png 450w, https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Qanater-Zbeide.png 776w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-205243\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0632\u0628\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062f\u0651 \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647. \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627\u064b\u060c<span class=\"s1\"><span class=\"Apple-converted-space\">\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<span class=\"s1\">\u00a0<\/span>\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629<span class=\"s1\"> &#8220;<\/span>\u0631\u064e\u0648\u0645\u0646\u0629<span class=\"s1\">&#8221; <\/span>\u0648\u0635\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628<span class=\"s1\">. <\/span>\u0623\u064a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627<span class=\"s1\">. <\/span>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0642\u0633 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0646<span class=\"s1\"> &#8220;<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0629<span class=\"s1\">&#8221; <\/span>\u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644<span class=\"s1\"> &#8220;<\/span>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629<span class=\"s1\">&#8220;. <\/span>\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u064a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u061b \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0630\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0629<span class=\"s1\">. <\/span>\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062d\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0648\u0627\u0629<span class=\"s1\">.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><strong>\u0648\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0643\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0647 <\/strong><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\"><strong>\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629\u064b<\/strong>: <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u00ab\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062a\u064f\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631. <\/span><span class=\"w6asjq_TextBase _85PZeG_Text\" data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\" data-d-default-strong=\"\" data-d-inline=\"\"><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0625\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631\u064f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0650\u064a\u064e\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0651\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0630\u0644\u0643 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0647\u0648 <\/span><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">: <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062d\u0648\u0636 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0633 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0647\u0645\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062a\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0647\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0646\u064f\u062e\u064e\u0628 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629. <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0645\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0646 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0648\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0629 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u060c <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0638\u0644 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0645\u0634\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0628\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u062b\u0642\u0627\u0641\u064a <\/span><span data-d-text-flow=\"word\" data-d-stream-word=\"\">\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><strong>\u062a\u0631\u062c\u0645\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0641\u0627\u0641&#8221; \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0648&#8221;.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><strong>\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-d-text-flow=\"\" data-d-component=\"text\"><a href=\"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/fr\/?p=204980\"><strong>Dans le monde antique, tous les chemins ne menaient pas \u00e0 Rome<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0628\u0642\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u0646\u0633\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0646\u0627\u0641 (Vincent Bordenave) \u064a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a. \u0628\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 300 \u0623\u0644\u0641 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u062c \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u063a\u0637\u064a \u062d\u0648\u0636\u064e \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0628\u0623\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0647\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064e\u0636\u0645\u0646\u064f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0623\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0647\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\/\u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a\u060c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":10,"featured_media":205247,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-205227","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-48"],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- 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