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\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0647\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a” (\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062b\u0647 “\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0648\u0631\u064a”) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639 \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641\u060c \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646\u0647 “\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629”! \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627) \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u062a “\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u064a” \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0627 (\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0646).. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0644\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u062a\u0643\u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u0623\u064a \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u0631\u062d\u0647 C\u00e9lestine Gentilhomme \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0629 “\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0648”.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0642\u0644<\/p>\n

*<\/p>\n

\n

\u062a\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u062f\u0651\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 Ifop-Fiducial<\/strong> \u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u062d \u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u063a\u0627\u0631\u0648<\/em>\u060c LCI<\/em> \u0648”\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u062f”<\/em> \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u062a \u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u064f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0631\u0646\u0648<\/strong> \u0623\u0643\u062f \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u00ab\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0628\u00bb \u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0651<\/strong> \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0644\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0636 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627\u060c \u064a\u064f\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0651\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u2013 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u2013 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0636\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2024\u060c \u0633\u064a\u062e\u0631\u062c “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a” (\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 “\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648 \u0628\u064a\u0646” \u0648”\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627”\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u062a\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0629) (RN)<\/strong> \u0648\u062d\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0624\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u0631\u064a\u062d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0625\u0630 \u0633\u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0646\u064a\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 35% \u064836% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0642\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0622\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (33.42%).<\/p>\n


\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a Ifop:<\/p>\n

\n

\u00ab\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0628\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u064a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 11 \u0625\u0644\u0649 17 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0635\u0627\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0636\u064a\u0641 \u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0625\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0643 \u0632\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0631<\/strong> (“\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u0643\u064a\u062a”<\/em>)\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0628\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 3.5% \u06484%<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n

\n

\u00ab\u0645\u0639 \u062d\u0632\u0628 “\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064f\u0648\u0646\u0643\u064a\u062a”\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a-\u0633\u064a\u0648\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644\u00bb\u060c
\u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0646\u062c\u062d\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647<\/h3>\n

\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u062d\u0632\u0628 “\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0629” (LFI)<\/strong> \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631. \u0641\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 “\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629” (\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 2024)<\/strong> \u064a\u0628\u0642\u0649 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 24%<\/strong> \u062e\u0644\u0641 “\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a”\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0641\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 “\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0646” \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0626\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064b \u064a\u0636\u0645 “\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a”<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 “\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629”<\/strong> \u0628\u0632\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0631\u0627\u0641\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0644 \u063a\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0631 \u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 19% \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u062a<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0647\u0628\u0637 \u064a\u0647\u0628\u0637 \u062d\u0632\u0628 “\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0629\u0651<\/strong> \u0625\u0644\u0649 8% \u0641\u0642\u0637<\/strong>.
\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 “\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0629” \u0648”\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631” \u0633\u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u063a\u0644\u0648\u0643\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0646 (17% \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 10%<\/strong>).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u00ab\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u00bb\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0641\u0631\u0636\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u062c\u0627\u0646-\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0648\u0646<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062a 2022 (21.9%)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u0645\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a “\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a”<\/strong>\u00a0\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 “\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a\u0629” \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0636\u0631<\/strong> \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u064a\u064a\u0646<\/strong> \u0645\u0627 \u0632\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639<\/h3>\n

\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646 (\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0645\u060c \u0622\u0641\u0627\u0642\u060c \u0648”\u0625\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0637\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0646 (UDI<\/strong>) \u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 “\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u0644\u0648”\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062e\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0648\u062d \u0646\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0648\u064a\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u064a\u0646 13% \u064814%<\/strong> \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u2013 \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0646 2024 (21.80%).<\/p>\n


\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a:<\/p>\n

\n

\u00ab\u0625\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062e\u0628\u064a\u0646. \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0636\u0639\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0633\u0648\u0631\u0629\u00bb.<\/p>\n

\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0628\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646<\/strong>\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0625\u0646 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0645 (48%) \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0633\u064a\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0645\u0631\u0634\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0634\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0635 \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062d\u0644\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n

\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0643\u064a \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0639\u0634<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a (\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0646)<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u0633\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627\u062f \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 11% \u0625\u0644\u0649 12%<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u064a \u0628\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 4 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 (8.49%).<\/p>\n

\n

\u00ab\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0632 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u00bb\u060c
\u064a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u062f\u0627\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n

\n<\/blockquote>\n

\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u0649 \u0628\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629\u00bb\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0646\u0627\u062e\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 (25%)<\/strong> \u064a\u0631\u063a\u0628\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0631\u0634\u064a\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 46%<\/strong> \u064a\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a<\/strong>\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0645 41%<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u064a\u062f\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u064a\u0646.
\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u0626\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0648\u0636 \u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0646\u0648 \u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u064a\u0648 (“\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a”)<\/strong>\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0646 29%<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u0623\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u064a\u0644<\/strong> \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u062c\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627<\/strong> \u0642\u062f \u0628\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0644\u0640\u00ab\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u00bb \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0628\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062c\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0647\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0643 \u0634\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0643 (1996 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2007)\u060c \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0646\u0627\u0644\u0643 “\u062b\u0642\u0629” \u0628\u0623\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a” \u0644\u0646 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 “\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641” (\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0640 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646”\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0642\u0627 \u0625\u0628\u0646\u062a\u0647 “\u0645\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646” \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 “\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a” \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u062f “\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0651\u0641\u0627\u064b” \u0648\u0644\u0627 “\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0648\u062f”. \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0632\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u062c\u0627\u0630\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u0645\u0627\u0647\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":37,"featured_media":190822,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[48],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-190817","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-48"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190817","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/37"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=190817"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/190817\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/190822"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=190817"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=190817"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=190817"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}