{"id":172621,"date":"2024-08-16T17:14:57","date_gmt":"2024-08-16T16:14:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/?p=172621"},"modified":"2024-08-16T17:37:41","modified_gmt":"2024-08-16T16:37:41","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%80%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%ae-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%88%d9%8a%d8%b3%d8%b1%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%80%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0640&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a 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center;\"><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\">*<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div class=\"article-main content-area container-column-grid-aware container-vertical-flow-aware\">\n<div class=\"lead-text\">\n<h2 class=\"lead-text__content\"><strong>\u0623\u062d\u064a\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1949\u060c\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0623\u0645\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0646\u064a\u0646. \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0651\u0637 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0625\u0646\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u062a \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a 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center;\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627\u0646: \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646 (1828-1910) \u0648\u063a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0647 (1826-1910)<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"image \"><picture class=\"\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Dunant-Moynier.jpg?crop=0px,45px,1300px,867px&amp;w=880\" media=\"(min-width: 600px)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Dunant-Moynier.jpg?crop=0px,45px,1300px,868px&amp;w=580\" media=\"\" \/><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Dunant-Moynier.jpg\" alt=\"\u0641\u064a 17 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1863\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 (\u063a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631) \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"957\" \/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"image__caption-wrapper\"><strong><span class=\"image__caption-text\">\u0641\u064a 17 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1863\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 (\u063a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u064a\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0648\u064a\u0633 \u0623\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u063a\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0641\u0648\u0631\u060c \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631) \u0628\u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u064a\u0646\u062d\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0631\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u062f\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0634\u0647\u062f \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0648\u060c \u0641\u064a 24 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 1859. \u0641\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 40,000 \u062c\u0646\u062f\u064a \u062c\u0631\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u063a\u0627\u062b\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c\u00a0 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u201c\u062a\u0630\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0648\u201d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062f\u0639\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628. \u0648\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644\u062a \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0638\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0634\u0623\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0631\u062d\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u0631\u0627\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>\u062b\u0645\u0651 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u063a\u0648\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0647 \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0646\u0631\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0644\u0633\u062a \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0646\u0632\u0644.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 (1899-1994): \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"image \"><picture class=\"\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Petitpierre.jpg?crop=0px,37px,1300px,867px&amp;w=880\" media=\"(min-width: 600px)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Petitpierre.jpg?crop=0px,37px,1300px,868px&amp;w=580\" media=\"\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Petitpierre.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646) 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\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062f\u0648\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0641\u064a\u062a\u064a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0631\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0648\u064a\u0646 (\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0633\u0637)\u060c \u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0641\u064a 12 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1949.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0634\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 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\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0642\u062f \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0623\u0633\u0647. \u0641\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0651\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1949\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u0636\u0649 16 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0641\u0627\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0639\u0644\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u201c\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u062a (1914-2002): \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"image \"><picture class=\"\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Pictet-2.jpg?crop=0px,6px,1300px,867px&amp;w=880\" media=\"(min-width: 600px)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Pictet-2.jpg?crop=0px,6px,1300px,867px&amp;w=580\" media=\"\" \/><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Pictet-2.jpg\" alt=\"\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646) \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646.\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a 12 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1999\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"878\" \/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"image__caption-wrapper\"><strong><span class=\"image__caption-text\">\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u0647 (\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646) \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0637\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0645\u0645\u062b\u0644\u064a\u0646.\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a 12 \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 1999\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0635\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0643\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0633\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0622\u0646\u0630\u0627\u0643. \u0648\u0627\u0636\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0636\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062f\u0651\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 1949.<\/p>\n<p>\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0631\u0637 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0627\u063a\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0648\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0623\u0643\u0633\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u062c\u0647\u0648\u062f\u0647\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631\u061b \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062d\u064a\u0627\u062f\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0644\u0642\u0628 \u201c\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0631\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0643\u062a\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u064e\u064a\u0652 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0631 (1953- ): \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0650\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"image \"><picture class=\"\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Elisabeth-Decrey-Warner.jpg?crop=2px,0px,1297px,865px&amp;w=880\" media=\"(min-width: 600px)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Elisabeth-Decrey-Warner.jpg?crop=2px,0px,1296px,865px&amp;w=580\" media=\"\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Elisabeth-Decrey-Warner.jpg\" alt=\"\u0631\u0634\u062d\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 &quot;1000 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2005&quot; \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0631 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2005.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"865\" \/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"image__caption-wrapper\"><strong><span class=\"image__caption-text\">\u0631\u0634\u062d\u062a \u062c\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u201c1000 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 2005\u201d \u062e\u0645\u0633 \u0646\u0633\u0627\u0621 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0647\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0631 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0646) \u0641\u064a \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0631\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2005.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0628\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0636\u0648\u0629 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641\u060c \u0643\u0623\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0627\u0636\u0644\u062a \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0641\u0631\u0636 \u062d\u0638\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u063a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062f. \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0631\u0643\u062a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0638\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648\u062a\u0627\u0648\u0627\u060c \u0639\u0627\u0645 1977\u060c \u0623\u0646 <strong>\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0647\u062f\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0632\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0641\u0642\u0631\u0631\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u201c\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641\u201d\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0651\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0639\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0643\u0645\u0651\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062c\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062b \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0631\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645<strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627<\/strong>\u060c \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0625\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0642\u062f \u0635\u0631\u0651\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u0641\u0629\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.letemps.ch\/monde\/elisabeth-decrey-warner-diplomate-maquis?srsltid=AfmBOor4VLGKlA7g53IocxMLBiFmC2-oDiq_UyfHGM9W0I2HvQFUpLvf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0644\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646<span class=\"screen-reader-text\">\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/span><\/a>\u00a0\u0639\u0627\u0645 2016\u060c \u0642\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0629: \u201c\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0641\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0644\u0646 \u064a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u00a0 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u201d. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0635\u0644\u062a \u062f\u064a\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0632 \u0639\u062f\u0651\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2023\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0627\u0626\u0632\u0629 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062c\u0644 \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2016.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2 id=\"h-\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627-\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634-\u0625\u064a\u063a\u0631-1972-\u0623\u0648\u0644-\u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629-\u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649-\u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629-\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629-\u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628-\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631-nbsp\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"text-align: center;\">\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0625\u064a\u063a\u0631 (1972- ): \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631<\/h2>\n<figure class=\"image \"><picture class=\"\"><source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Spoljaric.jpg?crop=0px,0px,1300px,867px&amp;w=880\" media=\"(min-width: 600px)\" \/><source srcset=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Spoljaric.jpg?crop=0px,0px,1299px,867px&amp;w=580\" media=\"\" \/><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.swissinfo.ch\/content\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/13\/2024\/08\/Spoljaric.jpg\" alt=\"\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2023.\" width=\"1300\" height=\"867\" \/><\/picture><figcaption class=\"image__caption-wrapper\"><strong><span class=\"image__caption-text\">\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0635\u062d\u0641\u064a\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u064a\u0641 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2023.\u00a0<\/span><span class=\"image__copyright-info\">Keystone \/ Salvatore Di Nolfi<\/span><\/strong><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\u062a\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0625\u064a\u063a\u0631\u060c \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0623\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2022\u060c \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0645\u0631\u0623\u0629 \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 160 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0647\u064a\u0651\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0634 \u0625\u064a\u063a\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0651\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0651\u0629 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class=\"post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%a7-%d9%87%d9%8a%d8%9f-%d8%ac%d8%b1%d8%a7%d8%a6%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%8c-%d8%a3%d9%88-%d8%b5%d8%b9%d9%88%d8%a8%d8%a9-%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%8a%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86\/\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a\u061f: \u201c\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u201d\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0635\u0639\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0632\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629<\/a><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"post-title\"><a href=\"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%b1%d9%83%d8%aa%d9%86%d8%a7-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%86%d9%88%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%8a%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%83%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b9%d8%af\/\">\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u064a\u0632\u0627\u0646 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