{"id":140364,"date":"2014-12-19T22:42:19","date_gmt":"2014-12-19T21:42:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b0%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83%d9%8a-%d9%87%d9%84-%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%87-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%b6\/"},"modified":"2024-02-03T11:20:31","modified_gmt":"2024-02-03T10:20:31","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b0%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83%d9%8a-%d9%87%d9%84-%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%87-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%b6","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%86%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b0%d8%ac-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%b1%d9%83%d9%8a-%d9%87%d9%84-%d9%84%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%87-%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b9%d8%a9-%d8%b6\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a: \u0647\u0644 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628\u061f (3\/3)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u062e\u0644\u0637 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0643\u0651\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0651\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629.<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u062d\u0641\u064a\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0637\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0631\u0645\u0636\u0627\u0646\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0633\u0631\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062c\u062f\u0651\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0636\u0629 \u0639\u0648\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0651\u0647\u0645\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0625\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0647 \u0628\u0640&#8221;\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633&#8221;[[Ramadan, Tariq, Aux sources du renouveau musulman. D\u2019al-Afgh\u00e2n\u00ee \u00e0 Hassan al-Bann\u00e2, un si\u00e8cle de r\u00e9formisme islamique. 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Oxford 1970, p. 226]].<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627 \u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0625\u0628\u0646 \u062a\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628 <\/strong> (1703-1791) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062c\u0639\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u0630\u0647\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0628\u0644\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u064f\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0651\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629. \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0651\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0651\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0632\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0627\u0632\u060c \u0641\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0644\u0641\u064a\u060c Ahmad Barelvi (1786-1831) \u0648\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u062e \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0648\u060c Shaikh Uthman dan Fodio 1754\u20131817)) \u0648\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0627 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0651\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u062e (Sikh) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1831 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0634\u0627\u0648\u0631 (Peshawar) \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b  \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0643\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0651\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0651\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0641\u062a \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0633\u0648\u0643\u0648\u062a\u0648\u060c \u0642\u0631\u0646\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0646  \u0645\u0646\u0630 1808 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1903. \u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0651\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0637\u0649\u0621 \u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0651\u0647\u0645 \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0647\u0645\u060c \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0631\u0623\u064a\u0647\u0645\u060c &#8220;\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646&#8221;. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0651\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0651\u064a\u0646 &#8220;\u0639\u0635\u0627\u0629\u064b&#8221; 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In: International Journal of Middle East Studies, Vol. 3, No. 3. (Jul., 1972),  p. 271]].  <\/p>\n<p><img4908|center><\/p>\n<p>\u0641\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629\u060c \u0642\u0648\u0651\u0649 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0651\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0648\u0651\u0641\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0623\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u060c[[\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 Davison, Roderic H., Essays in Ottoman and Turkish History, 1774-1923. The Impact oft he West. 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D\u2019al-Afgh\u00e2n\u00ee \u00e0 Hassan al-Bann\u00e2, un<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[694],"class_list":{"0":"post-140364","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","6":"tag-bestof"},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/140364","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=140364"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/140364\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=140364"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=140364"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=140364"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}