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\u064a\u0637\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0628\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u064a\u0633\u0629\u064d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u060c \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0649\u0621 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u064a\u0633 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0650\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u0637\u0641\u0647 \u0633\u0646\u0629 1978\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0629(12) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u064a\u0627\u064b \u062d\u062c\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0636\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062a\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u064a\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0644 \u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0630\u0631\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0648\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0630\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2002(13).<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u064a\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0643\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0626\u0628 \u0633\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u064a\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0651\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u064b \u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0641\u0635\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0641\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0646\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062e\u0637\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646(14).<\/p>\n

(1) \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0643\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u064a \u0642\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0633\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 Iraq: Guide to Law and Policy.<\/p>\n

(2) \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0644\u0642\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0631\u063a\u0645\u064e\u0646\u0651 \u0648\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0646\u0631\u064a\u062e \u062a\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0646\u060c 2004.<\/p>\n

(3) Waltz with Bashir \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0623\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0648\u0644\u0645\u0646\u060c 2008.<\/p>\n

(4) \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0628:<\/p>\n

John Borneman ed., The Case of Ariel Sharon and the Fate of Universal Jurisdiction, Princeton 2004<\/p>\n

\u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n

Dossier in Palestine Yearbook of International Law, vol. 12, ed. Gail Boling, Kluwer Law International, The Hague, 180-280; Stefania Limiti ed., I Fantasmi di Sharon, Sinnos, Rome, 2002; Victor Kattan, \u2018From Beirut to Brussels: Universal Jurisdiction, statelessness and the Sabra and Chatila massacres\u2019, in Eugene Cotran and Martin law ed., Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law, 11, 2005, 33-82.<\/p>\n

(5) \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u064a\u0647\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062a\u060c \u0635\u0628\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0634\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0644 1982\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a 2003\u060c \u0648\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0646\u0629 2005 \u0639\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0631 Pluto Press<\/p>\n

(6) Deena Hurwitz, “Universal Jurisdiction and the dilemmas of International Criminal Justice: The story of the Sabra and Shatila Case in Belgium”, in D. Hurwitz and D. Ford eds., International Human Rights Law Stories, Foundation Press, forthcoming.<\/p>\n

(7) \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 “\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629” \u0645\u0633\u0637\u0651\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0647\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0632\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062d\u0627\u0631\u0628\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u062f \u0634\u0627\u0631\u0648\u0646\u060c \u0644\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0634\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647. \u064a\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u0645 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u0642\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0646 “\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u0635\u0635 11-12 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0637\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 9. \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 “\u0647\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0635\u0631\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062f” \u0641\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0634\u060c \u0645\u062f\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c 1983\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0642\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0635. 463<\/p>\n

(8) \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u062c\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 Nunca Mas (\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645) \u0644\u0633\u0646\u0629 1984 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 Nuncamas.org<\/p>\n

(9) \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u062814 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0646 “\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629”\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 http:\/\/www.icc-cpi.int\/library\/organs\/otp\/ICC-OTP-Summary-20081704-ARA.pdf<\/p>\n

(10) \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u062b\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0632 – 2221. Lebanon’s Cedar Revolution – An essay on non-violence and justice\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0631 2007\u060c \u0635\u063597-112<\/p>\n

(11) \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u064a \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0623\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u064a\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0636\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u062d\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0631\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0642\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0645\u0648\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0648\u0628 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629\u064b\u064b \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u064b\u064b \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 Mallat.com\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0646 “\u0623\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628\u0633 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0637\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u062b\u0627\u064b \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628 Anything less than jail for the commander who took that decision makes a mockery of jus in bello”.<\/p>\n

(12) \u0635\u0635 233-258.<\/p>\n

(13) \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0635\u0635. 273-275.<\/p>\n

(14) \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0639\u0634\u0631.<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649:<\/p>\n

\u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629<\/p>\n

\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0635\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0639\u0644\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0639\u0634\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0647:<\/p>\n

1) \u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0633\u0646 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

2) \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

3) \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0634\u0643\u0648\u0649 \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0627\u0648\u0649 \u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0641.<\/p>\n

4) \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

5) \u0637\u0631\u062d \u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0624\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0642\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0629.<\/p>\n

6) \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0628\u0634\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u062a\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0634\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0623\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

7) \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0648\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u064a \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0637\u0624 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u062a\u064a \u0627\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627.<\/p>\n

8) \u062a\u0634\u0643\u064a\u0644 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629).<\/p>\n

9) \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0623\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n

10) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0645\u0633\u0624\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u063a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n

11) \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0646.
\n(\u0635278)<\/p>\n

cmallat@gmail.com<\/p>\n

( \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0645 – \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642) <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

* * \u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u062d\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0631\u0636\u0629\u064c \u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0639\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0641\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0628\u062f\u0648 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629\u064b \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0647\u0629\u064b \u0628\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0651\u064e\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0625\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u062c\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062d\u0627\u064a\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u0651\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u0648\u062f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-123600","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123600","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=123600"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/123600\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=123600"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=123600"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/middleeasttransparent.com\/ar\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=123600"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}